Executive Actions

December 11, 2025

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, it is hereby ordered:

Section 1.  Purpose.  Unbeknownst to many Americans, two foreign-owned proxy advisors, Institutional Shareholder Services Inc. and Glass, Lewis & Co., LLC, play a significant role in shaping the policies and priorities of America’s largest companies through the shareholder voting process.  These firms, which control more than 90 percent of the proxy advisor market, advise their clients about how to vote the enormous numbers of shares their clients hold and manage on behalf of millions of Americans in mutual funds and exchange traded funds.  Their clients’ holdings often constitute a significant ownership stake in the United States’ largest publicly traded companies, and their clients often follow the proxy advisors’ advice. 

As a result, these proxy advisors wield enormous influence over corporate governance matters, including shareholder proposals, board composition, and executive compensation, as well as capital markets and the value of Americans’ investments more generally, including 401(k)s, IRAs, and other retirement investment vehicles.  These proxy advisors regularly use their substantial power to advance and prioritize radical politically-motivated agendas — like “diversity, equity, and inclusion” and “environmental, social, and governance” — even though investor returns should be the only priority.  For example, these proxy advisors have supported shareholder proposals requiring American companies to conduct racial equity audits and significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and one continues to provide guidance based on the racial or ethnic diversity of corporate boards.  Their practices also raise significant concerns about conflicts of interest and the quality of their recommendations, among other concerns.  The United States must therefore increase oversight of and take action to restore public confidence in the proxy advisor industry, including by promoting accountability, transparency, and competition.

Sec. 2.  Protecting Investors from Politicized Advice.  (a)  The Chairman of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) shall review all rules, regulations, guidance, bulletins, and memoranda relating to proxy advisors.  Consistent with the Administrative Procedure Act (APA) (5 U.S.C. 551 et seq.), the SEC Chairman shall consider revising or rescinding those rules, regulations, guidance, bulletins, and memoranda that are inconsistent with the purpose of this order, especially to the extent that they implicate “diversity, equity, and inclusion” and “environmental, social, and governance” policies.

(b)  Consistent with the APA, the SEC Chairman shall consider revising or rescinding all rules, regulations, guidance, bulletins, and memoranda relating to shareholder proposals, including Rule 14a-8 (17 CFR 240.14a-8), that are inconsistent with the purpose of this order.

(c)  The SEC Chairman shall:

(i)    enforce the Federal securities laws’ anti‑fraud provisions with respect to material misstatements or omissions contained in proxy advisors’ proxy voting recommendations;

(ii)   assess whether to require proxy advisors whose activities fall within the scope of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (15 U.S.C. 80b-1 et seq.) and the rules promulgated thereunder, to register as Registered Investment Advisers;

(iii)  consider requiring proxy advisors to provide increased transparency on their recommendations, methodology, and conflicts of interest, especially regarding “diversity, equity, and inclusion” and “environmental, social, and governance” factors;

(iv)   analyze whether, and under what circumstances, a proxy advisor serves as a vehicle for investment advisers to coordinate and augment their voting decisions with respect to a company’s securities and, through such coordination and augmentation, form a group for purposes of sections 13(d)(3) and 13(g)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78a et seq.); and

(v)    direct SEC staff to examine whether the practice of Registered Investment Advisers engaging proxy advisors to advise on (and following the recommendations of such proxy advisors with respect to) non-pecuniary factors in investing, including, as appropriate, “diversity, equity, and inclusion” and “environmental, social, and governance” factors, is inconsistent with their fiduciary duties.

Sec. 3.  Unfair, Deceptive, or Anticompetitive Practices.  (a)  The Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), in consultation with the Attorney General, shall review ongoing State antitrust investigations into proxy advisors and determine if there is a probable link between conduct underlying those investigations and violations of Federal antitrust law.

(b)  The FTC Chairman, under the authorities provided in the Federal Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 41 et seq.) and in consultation with the Attorney General, as appropriate, shall investigate whether proxy advisors engage in unfair methods of competition or unfair or deceptive acts or practices that harm United States consumers by:

(i)    conspiring or colluding, explicitly or implicitly, to diminish the value of consumer investments (including pensions and retirement accounts);

(ii)   failing to adequately disclose conflicts of interest;

(iii)  providing misleading or inaccurate information;

(iv)   undermining the ability of consumers to make informed choices; or

(v)    otherwise engaging in conduct that violates the antitrust laws as defined in 15 U.S.C. 12(a) or section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 45).

Sec. 4.  Protecting Pensions and Retirement Plans.  (a)  The Secretary of Labor shall, consistent with the APA, take steps to revise all regulations and guidance regarding the fiduciary status of individuals who manage, or, like proxy advisors, advise those who manage, the rights appurtenant to shares held by plans covered under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA) (29 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.), including proxy votes and corporate engagement, consistent with the policy of this order.  The Secretary of Labor shall consider whether these proposed revisions should include amendments to specify that any individual who has a relationship of trust and confidence with their client, including any proxy advisor, and who provides advice for a fee or other compensation, direct or indirect, with respect to the exercise of the rights appurtenant to shares held by ERISA plans, is an investment advice fiduciary under ERISA.

(b)  The Secretary of Labor shall take all appropriate action to strengthen the fiduciary standards of pension and retirement plans covered under ERISA.  Such action shall include assessing whether proxy advisors act solely in the financial interests of plan participants and the extent to which any of their practices undermine the pecuniary value of the assets of ERISA plans.

(c)  The Secretary of Labor shall take all appropriate action to enhance transparency concerning the use of proxy advisors, particularly regarding “diversity, equity, and inclusion” and “environmental, social, and governance” investment practices.

Sec. 5.  General Provisions.  (a)  Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

(i)   the authority granted by law to an executive department or agency, or the head thereof; or

(ii)  the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget relating to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.

(b)  This order shall be implemented consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations.

(c)  This order is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.

(d)  The costs for publication of this order shall be borne by the Department of Labor.

                             DONALD J. TRUMP

THE WHITE HOUSE,

    December 11, 2025.

December 11, 2025

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, it is hereby ordered:

Section 1.  Purpose.  United States leadership in Artificial Intelligence (AI) will promote United States national and economic security and dominance across many domains.  Pursuant to Executive Order 14179 of January 23, 2025 (Removing Barriers to American Leadership in Artificial Intelligence), I revoked my predecessor’s attempt to paralyze this industry and directed my Administration to remove barriers to United States AI leadership.  My Administration has already done tremendous work to advance that objective, including by updating existing Federal regulatory frameworks to remove barriers to and encourage adoption of AI applications across sectors.  These efforts have already delivered tremendous benefits to the American people and led to trillions of dollars of investments across the country.  But we remain in the earliest days of this technological revolution and are in a race with adversaries for supremacy within it. 

To win, United States AI companies must be free to innovate without cumbersome regulation.  But excessive State regulation thwarts this imperative.  First, State-by-State regulation by definition creates a patchwork of 50 different regulatory regimes that makes compliance more challenging, particularly for start-ups.  Second, State laws are increasingly responsible for requiring entities to embed ideological bias within models.  For example, a new Colorado law banning “algorithmic discrimination” may even force AI models to produce false results in order to avoid a “differential treatment or impact” on protected groups.  Third, State laws sometimes impermissibly regulate beyond State borders, impinging on interstate commerce.

My Administration must act with the Congress to ensure that there is a minimally burdensome national standard — not 50 discordant State ones.  The resulting framework must forbid State laws that conflict with the policy set forth in this order.  That framework should also ensure that children are protected, censorship is prevented, copyrights are respected, and communities are safeguarded.  A carefully crafted national framework can ensure that the United States wins the AI race, as we must.

Until such a national standard exists, however, it is imperative that my Administration takes action to check the most onerous and excessive laws emerging from the States that threaten to stymie innovation.

Sec. 2.  Policy.  It is the policy of the United States to sustain and enhance the United States’ global AI dominance through a minimally burdensome national policy framework for AI. 

Sec. 3.  AI Litigation Task Force.  Within 30 days of the date of this order, the Attorney General shall establish an AI Litigation Task Force (Task Force) whose sole responsibility shall be to challenge State AI laws inconsistent with the policy set forth in section 2 of this order, including on grounds that such laws unconstitutionally regulate interstate commerce, are preempted by existing Federal regulations, or are otherwise unlawful in the Attorney General’s judgment, including, if appropriate, those laws identified pursuant to section 4 of this order.  The Task Force shall consult from time to time with the Special Advisor for AI and Crypto, the Assistant to the President for Science and Technology, the Assistant to the President for Economic Policy, and the Assistant to the President and Counsel to the President regarding the emergence of specific State AI laws that warrant challenge.

Sec. 4.  Evaluation of State AI Laws.  Within 90 days of the date of this order, the Secretary of Commerce, consistent with the Secretary’s authorities under 47 U.S.C. 902(b), shall, in consultation with the Special Advisor for AI and Crypto, the Assistant to the President for Economic Policy, the Assistant to the President for Science and Technology, and the Assistant to the President and Counsel to the President, publish an evaluation of existing State AI laws that identifies onerous laws that conflict with the policy set forth in section 2 of this order, as well as laws that should be referred to the Task Force established pursuant to section 3 of this order.  That evaluation of State AI laws shall, at a minimum, identify laws that require AI models to alter their truthful outputs, or that may compel AI developers or deployers to disclose or report information in a manner that would violate the First Amendment or any other provision of the Constitution.  The evaluation may additionally identify State laws that promote AI innovation consistent with the policy set forth in section 2 of this order.

Sec. 5.  Restrictions on State Funding.  (a)  Within 90 days of the date of this order, the Secretary of Commerce, through the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and Information, shall issue a Policy Notice specifying the conditions under which States may be eligible for remaining funding under the Broadband Equity Access and Deployment (BEAD) Program that was saved through my Administration’s “Benefit of the Bargain” reforms, consistent with 47 U.S.C. 1702(e)-(f).  That Policy Notice must provide that States with onerous AI laws identified pursuant to section 4 of this order are ineligible for non-deployment funds, to the maximum extent allowed by Federal law.  The Policy Notice must also describe how a fragmented State regulatory landscape for AI threatens to undermine BEAD-funded deployments, the growth of AI applications reliant on high-speed networks, and BEAD’s mission of delivering universal, high-speed connectivity.

(b)  Executive departments and agencies (agencies) shall assess their discretionary grant programs in consultation with the Special Advisor for AI and Crypto and determine whether agencies may condition such grants on States either not enacting an AI law that conflicts with the policy of this order, including any AI law identified pursuant to section 4 or challenged pursuant to section 3 of this order, or, for those States that have enacted such laws, on those States entering into a binding agreement with the relevant agency not to enforce any such laws during the performance period in which it receives the discretionary funding.

Sec. 6.  Federal Reporting and Disclosure Standard.  Within 90 days of the publication of the identification specified in section 4 of this order, the Chairman of the Federal Communications Commission shall, in consultation with the Special Advisor for AI and Crypto, initiate a proceeding to determine whether to adopt a Federal reporting and disclosure standard for AI models that preempts conflicting State laws. 

Sec. 7.  Preemption of State Laws Mandating Deceptive Conduct in AI Models.  Within 90 days of the date of this order, the Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission shall, in consultation with the Special Advisor for AI and Crypto, issue a policy statement on the application of the Federal Trade Commission Act’s prohibition on unfair and deceptive acts or practices under 15 U.S.C. 45 to AI models.  That policy statement must explain the circumstances under which State laws that require alterations to the truthful outputs of AI models are preempted by the Federal Trade Commission Act’s prohibition on engaging in deceptive acts or practices affecting commerce.

Sec. 8.  Legislation.  (a)  The Special Advisor for AI and Crypto and the Assistant to the President for Science and Technology shall jointly prepare a legislative recommendation establishing a uniform Federal policy framework for AI that preempts State AI laws that conflict with the policy set forth in this order.

(b)  The legislative recommendation called for in subsection (a) of this section shall not propose preempting otherwise lawful State AI laws relating to:

(i)    child safety protections;

(ii)   AI compute and data center infrastructure, other than generally applicable permitting reforms;

(iii)  State government procurement and use of AI; and

(iv)   other topics as shall be determined.

Sec. 9.  General Provisions.  (a)  Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

(i)   the authority granted by law to an executive department or agency, or the head thereof; or

(ii)  the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget relating to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.

(b)  This order shall be implemented consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations.

(c)  This order is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person. 

(d)  The costs for publication of this order shall be borne by the Department of Commerce.

                             DONALD J. TRUMP

THE WHITE HOUSE,

    December 11, 2025.

December 6, 2025

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, it is hereby ordered:

Section 1.  Background.  An affordable and secure food supply is vital to America’s national and economic security.  However, anti-competitive behavior, especially when carried out by foreign-controlled corporations, threatens the stability and affordability of America’s food supply.  In recent years certain companies in the American food supply chain have even settled civil suits accusing them of price fixing for tens of millions of dollars.  Food supply sectors including meat processing, seed, fertilizer, and equipment have similar vulnerabilities to price fixing and other anti-competitive practices.  My Administration will act to determine whether anti-competitive behavior, especially by foreign-controlled companies, increases the cost of living for Americans and address any associated national security threat to food supply chains.

Sec. 2.  Food Supply Chain Security Task Forces to Protect Competition.  (a)  The Attorney General and the Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission shall each establish a Food Supply Chain Security Task Force within the Department of Justice and the Federal Trade Commission, respectively, that will take all necessary and appropriate actions to investigate food-related industries within their established areas of expertise and determine whether anti-competitive behavior exists in food supply chains in the United States, as well as whether control of food-related industries by foreign entities is increasing the cost of food products in the United States or creating a national or economic security threat to Americans.  The Attorney General and the Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission shall take such actions as are necessary to remedy any anti-competitive behavior that their respective investigations uncover, including bringing enforcement actions and proposing new regulatory approaches.  Should the Department of Justice Food Supply Chain Security Task Force uncover any evidence of criminal collusion, the Attorney General shall commence criminal proceedings as appropriate, including grand jury investigations.

(b)  The Task Forces shall, as permitted by law, jointly brief the Speaker of the House, the Majority Leader of the Senate, and the chairs of congressional committees of jurisdiction with a summary of their progress pursuant to this order once within 180 days following the date of this order, and again within 365 days following the date of this order, including, if relevant after consulting with the Assistant to the President and Deputy Chief of Staff for Legislative, Political, and Public Affairs, any recommended congressional actions.  Such briefings shall not include any information related to ongoing investigations, prosecutions, regulatory actions, or litigation nor any non‑public information regarding any food-related industry investigated pursuant to this order.

Sec. 3.  General Provisions.  (a)  Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

(i)   the authority granted by law to an executive department or agency, or the head thereof; or

(ii)  the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget relating to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.

(b)  This order shall be implemented consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations.

(c)  This order is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.

(d)  The costs for publication of this order shall be borne by the Department of Justice.

                               DONALD J. TRUMP

THE WHITE HOUSE,

    December 6, 2025.

December 5, 2025

BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

A PROCLAMATION

On December 7, 1941, a peaceful Sunday morning on the Hawaiian island of Oahu was shattered by an unprovoked attack by the naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan on the United States Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor and the aircraft and hangars at Kaneohe, Ford Island, Barbers Point, and Hickam Field.  The surprise offensive claimed the lives of 2,403 American service members and civilians and propelled our Nation into the Second World War. 

The Japanese mission was designed to cripple our military assets and obliterate the American spirit, but instead, the fatal attacks rallied our shattered citizenry and fueled our resolve.  Young men from every corner of our country put their lives and futures on hold and were thrust into bloody and brutal battles of historic consequence that would forever change the world.  Although untested in battle, these patriots, still reeling from horror and disbelief, united in a singular mission:  to defeat tyranny.  The exceptional courage and immeasurable sacrifices of the Greatest Generation secured our way of life and the blessings of freedom for future generations.

In the decades since the “date which will live in infamy,” the aggressor has become our loyal ally and trusted friend.  Japan is one of our closest security partnerships, and our military forces work together every day to defend our common interests.  We are united by commerce, history, culture, and mutual respect.  Our strong alliance is a testament to the transformational power of peace, diplomacy, and democracy.

The lessons learned 84 years ago on that fateful day still resound with America’s exceptional fighting force.  We must remain ever vigilant and prepared to annihilate any foe who dares to threaten our liberty.  This annual day of remembrance must be held in the highest esteem and reverence as we honor the Americans who laid down their lives to defend our homeland on the island of Oahu and in the battles of World War II.

The Congress, by Public Law 103-308, as amended, has designated December 7 of each year as “National Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day.”

NOW, THEREFORE, I, DONALD J. TRUMP, President of the United States of America, by virtue of the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, do hereby proclaim December 7, 2025, as National Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day.  I encourage all Americans to observe this solemn day and to honor our military, past and present, with appropriate ceremonies and activities.  I urge all Federal agencies and interested organizations, groups, and individuals to fly the flag of the United States at half-staff in honor of those American patriots who died as a result of their service at Pearl Harbor.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this fifth day of December, in the year of our Lord two thousand twenty-five, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and fiftieth.

                               DONALD J. TRUMP

December 5, 2025

MEMORANDUM FOR THE SECRETARY OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

THE DIRECTOR OF THE CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION

SUBJECT:       Aligning United States Core Childhood Vaccine Recommendations with Best Practices from Peer, Developed Countries

In January 2025, the United States recommended vaccinating all children for 18 diseases, including COVID-19, making our country a high outlier in the number of vaccinations recommended for all children.  Peer, developed countries recommend fewer childhood vaccinations — Denmark recommends vaccinations for just 10 diseases with serious morbidity or mortality risks; Japan recommends vaccinations for 14 diseases; and Germany recommends vaccinations for 15 diseases.  Other current United States childhood vaccine recommendations also depart from policies in the majority of developed countries.  Study is warranted to ensure that Americans are receiving the best, scientifically-supported medical advice in the world.

I hereby direct the Secretary of Health and Human Services and the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to review best practices from peer, developed countries for core childhood vaccination recommendations — vaccines recommended for all children — and the scientific evidence that informs those best practices, and, if they determine that those best practices are superior to current domestic recommendations, update the United States core childhood vaccine schedule to align with such scientific evidence and best practices from peer, developed countries while preserving access to vaccines currently available to Americans.

This memorandum is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.

                             DONALD J. TRUMP

December 4, 2025

BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

A PROCLAMATION

As a mark of respect for the memory of Specialist Sarah Beckstrom, West Virginia Army National Guard, by the authority vested in me as President of the United States by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, I hereby order that the flag of the United States shall be flown at half-staff at the White House and upon all public buildings and grounds, at all military posts and naval stations, and on all naval vessels of the Federal Government in the District of Columbia and throughout the United States and its Territories and possessions until sunset, December 4, 2025.  I also direct that the flag shall be flown at half-staff for the same length of time at all United States embassies, legations, consular offices, and other facilities abroad, including all military facilities and naval vessels and stations.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this fourth day of December, in the year of our Lord two thousand twenty-five, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and fiftieth.

DONALD J. TRUMP

December 2, 2025

On December 2, 1823, the doctrine of American sovereignty was immortalized in prose when President James Monroe declared before the Nation a simple truth that has echoed throughout the ages:  The United States will never waver in defense of our homeland, our interests, or the well-being of our citizens.  Today, my Administration proudly reaffirms this promise under a new “Trump Corollary” to the Monroe Doctrine:  That the American people—not foreign nations nor globalist institutions—will always control their own destiny in our hemisphere.

More than 2 centuries ago, President Monroe proclaimed before the United States Congress what is today known as the legendary “Monroe Doctrine”—a bold policy that rejects foreign interference of faraway nations and confidently asserts United States leadership in the Western Hemisphere.  “The American continents, by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers,” President Monroe professed.  With those mighty words, every nation knew that the United States of America was emerging as a superpower unlike anything the world had ever known—and that nothing could ever rival the strength, unity, and resolve of a freedom-loving people.

In the centuries since, President Monroe’s doctrine of sovereignty has guarded the American continents against communism, fascism, and foreign infringement, and as the 47th President of the United States, I am proudly reasserting this time-honored policy.  Since I took office, I have aggressively pursued an America first policy of peace through strength.  We restored U.S. privileged access through the Panama Canal.  We are reestablishing American maritime dominance.  We are disrupting non-market practices in the international supply chain and logistics sectors. 

My Administration is also halting the flow of deadly drugs flowing through Mexico, ending the invasion of illegal aliens along our southern border, and dismantling narco-terrorist networks all across the Western Hemisphere.  To defend our Nation’s workers and industries, I recently secured historic trade deals with El Salvador, Argentina, Ecuador, and Guatemala, allowing greater and more streamlined market access.  Reinvigorated by my Trump Corollary, the Monroe Doctrine is alive and well—and American leadership is coming roaring back stronger than ever before.

Today, we renew our pledge to always uphold American sovereignty, security, and safety first.  Above all, we vow to protect our cherished national legacy of republican self-government against all threats, foreign and domestic.

James Bishop, of North Carolina, to be United States Attorney for the Middle District of North Carolina for the term of four years.

Megan Blair Benton, of Missouri, to be United States District Judge for the Western District of Missouri.

Christopher Michael De Bono, of the District of Columbia, to be an Associate Judge of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia for the term of fifteen years.

Brian Charles Lea, of Tennessee, to be United States District Judge for the Western District of Tennessee.

Justin R. Olson, of Indiana, to be United States District Judge for the Southern District of Indiana.